Predictors of historical change in drug treatment coverage among people who inject drugs in 90 large metropolitan areas in the USA, 1993–2007

Table 4 Results from Parsimonious Multi-Domain Mixed-Effects Model

Independent Variable	β	SE	Pseudo-p
Intercept	−0.806	0.169	< 0.0001
Time (Years since Baseline)	0.169	0.041	< 0.0001
Time² (Years-since-Baseline, squared)	−0.008	0.002	0.001
Need
Baseline HIV Prevalence among PWID per capita	−0.360	0.097	0.0003
Change in HIV among PWID per capita	0.088	0.057	0.123
Baseline HIV among PWID per capita * Time	0.039	0.012	0.001
Resource Availability: General resources
Baseline Percent of Population in Poverty	−0.486	0.081	< 0.0001
Change in Percent of Population in Poverty	−0.040	0.044	0.357
Baseline Unemployment Rate	0.312	0.081	0.0002
Change in Unemployment Rate	0.407	0.127	0.002
Change in Unemployment Rate * Time	−0.130	0.031	< 0.0001
Change in Unemployment Rate * Time²	0.008	0.002	< 0.0001
Resource Availability: Specific resources
Baseline Public Health and Social Work Workforce	0.425	0.071	< 0.0001
Change in Public Health and Social Work Workforce	−0.054	0.054	0.321
Racial structures
Baseline Ratio of Black to White Poverty	−0.138	0.072	0.058
Change in Ratio of Black to White Poverty	1.269	0.307	< 0.0001
Change in Ratio of Black to White Poverty * Time	−0.171	0.052	0.001
Change in Ratio of Black to White Poverty * Time²	0.006	0.002	0.009

ISSN: 1747-597X