Changes in quality of life and its associated factors among illicit drug users in Vietnamese mountainous provinces: a 12-month follow-up study

Table 3 Changes in health status and quality of life among participants

Characteristics	Baseline		Follow-up		p-value	Effect size
Characteristics	n	%	n	%	p-value	Effect size
Being hospitalized in the last 3 months	5	2.1	13	5.4	0.05	0.09*
Having any health problem in the last 30 days	32	13.1	24	10.0	0.28	0.05*
Comorbidities
HBV	22	9.0	29	12.2	0.25	0.05*
HCV	55	22.5	61	25.7	0.41	0.04*
Opportunistic infections	4	1.6	6	2.5	0.50	0.03*
HIV/AIDS	27	11.1	32	13.4	0.44	0.04*
Quality of life (WHOQoL- BREF)	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	*p-value*	Effect size
Physical health	60.1	12.9	63.1	12.4	0.02	0.24^†
Psychological	61.4	12.4	64.3	11.8	0.01	0.24^†
Social relationships	50.5	14.8	53.7	15.9	0.01	0.21^†
Environment	59.1	11.4	61.7	11.2	0.01	0.23^†

ISSN: 1747-597X