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| |
CJ
|
CPS
|
Nonmandated
|
Mandated
|
Total
| | |
|---|
|
(N = 114)
|
(N = 82)
|
(N = 49)
|
(N = 196)
|
(N = 245)
| |
Pairwisec
|
|---|
|
Characteristics
|
M (SD) or N (%)
|
M (SD) or N (%)
|
M (SD) or N (%)
|
M (SD) or N (%)
|
M (SD) or N (%)
|
Sign. test
|
P group significance
|
|
Number of days in treatment
|
133.86 (79.43)
|
116.59 (65.59)
|
96.11 (72.09)
|
126.61 (74.25)
|
120.64 (74.67)
|
F = 4.54
|
.012 CJ/NM; M/NM
|
|
Agee
|
32.89 (9.92)
|
30.33 (6.34)
|
33.76 (9.53)
|
31.82 (8.68)
|
32.21 (8.87)
|
F = 2.97
|
.053
|
|
Race and ethnicity
| | | | |
χ2 = 5.7
|
.458
|
|
Non-Hispanic White
|
19 (16.67)
|
17 (20.73)
|
14 (28.57)
|
36 (18.37)
|
50 (20.41)
| | |
|
Non-Hispanic Black
|
29 (25.44)
|
13 (15.85)
|
8 (16.33)
|
42 (21.43)
|
50 (20.41)
| | |
|
Hispanic
|
64 (56.14)
|
51 (62.2)
|
26 (53.06)
|
115 (58.67)
|
141 (57.55)
| | |
|
Other
|
2 (1.75)
|
1 (1.22)
|
1 (2.04)
|
3 (1.53)
|
4 (1.63)
| | |
|
Children
| | | | |
χ2 = 10.87
|
< .001 CJ/CPS; CPS/NM
|
|
Yes
|
97 (85.09)
|
81 (98.78)
|
42 (85.71)
|
178 (90.82)
|
220 (89.8)
| | |
|
No
|
17 (14.91)
|
1 (1.22)
|
7 (14.29)
|
18 (9.18)
|
25 (10.2)
| | |
|
Housing
| | | | |
χ2 = 1.41
|
.49
|
|
Homeless or housing unstable
|
97 (85.09)
|
65 (79.27)
|
38 (79.17)
|
162 (82.65)
|
200 (81.97)
| | |
|
Stable
|
17 (14.91)
|
17 (20.73)
|
10 (20.83)
|
34 (17.35)
|
45 (18.03)
| | |
|
Education
| | | | | |
χ2 = 3.95
|
.41
|
|
Less than high school diploma
|
51 (44.74)
|
41 (50.00)
|
25 (51.02)
|
92 (46.94)
|
117 (47.76)
| | |
|
High school diploma or equivalent
|
33 (28.95)
|
25 (30.49)
|
9 (18.37)
|
58 (29.59)
|
67 (27.35)
| | |
|
Some post-high school
|
30 (26.32)
|
16 (19.51)
|
15 (30.61)
|
46 (23.47)
|
61 (24.9)
| | |
|
Employment
|
|
Full-time
|
11 (9.65)
|
14 (17.07)
|
9 (18.37)
|
25 (12.76)
|
34 (13.88)
| | |
|
Part-time
|
13 (11.40)
|
8 (9.76)
|
9 (18.37)
|
21 (10.71)
|
30 (12.24)
| | |
|
Not working
|
90 (78.95)
|
60 (73.17)
|
31 (63.27)
|
150 (76.53)
|
181 (73.88)
| | |
|
Number of mental health diagnosesb
| | | | | |
χ2 = 1.22
|
.542
|
|
None
|
51 (44.74)
|
29 (37.18)
|
21 (44.68)
|
80 (41.67)
|
101 (42.26)
| | |
|
One or more
|
63 (55.26)
|
49 (62.82)
|
26 (55.32)
|
112 (58.33)
|
138 (57.74)
| | |
|
Mental health symptomologyd
|
|
Posttraumatic stress symptomse
|
14.96 (12.18)
|
19.00 (11.99)
|
21.84 (13.81)
|
16.65 (12.23)
|
17.69 (12.71)
|
F = 5.91
|
.003 CJ/NM; M/NM
|
|
Depression symptoms
|
3.87 (4.00)
|
5.79 (5.03)
|
7.47 (6.23)
|
4.67 (4.55)
|
5.23 (5.04)
|
F = 10.20
|
< .001 CJ/NM; CPS/CJ; M/NM
|
|
Stress symptomse
|
5.69 (4.53)
|
8.05 (4.85)
|
8.96 (4.51)
|
6.68 (4.80)
|
7.13 (4.82)
|
F = 10.90
|
< .001 CJ/NM; CPS/CJ; M/NM
|
|
Anxiety symptoms
|
4.53 (4.01)
|
6.26 (4.38)
|
7.96 (4.76)
|
5.25 (4.24)
|
5.79 (4.48)
|
F = 11.69
|
< .001 CJ/NM; CPS/CJ; M/NM
|
|
Substance use disorder diagnosisb
| | | | | |
χ2 = 6.86
|
< .001
|
|
Alcohol use disorder
|
9 (7.89)
|
7 (8.97)
|
8 (17.02)
|
16 (8.33)
|
24 (10.04)
| | |
|
Substance use disorder
|
86 (75.44)
|
59 (75.64)
|
37 (78.72)
|
145 (75.52)
|
182 (76.15)
| | |
|
Both
|
19 (16.67)
|
12 (15.38)
|
2 (4.26)
|
31 (16.15%)
|
33 (13.81)
| | |
- aTable consists of categorical and continuous variables by group (mandating agencies, mandated and nonmandated status). CJ = criminal justice; CPS = child protective services
- bFrequency missing (N = 6); two missing from mandated group and four from nonmandated group for each variable
- cPairwise between group significance (CJ = criminal justice; CPS = child protective services; M = mandated; NM = nonmandated)
- dMental health characteristics and stress scores reflect symptom severity ranges (higher scores represent increased severity)
- eSquare-root transformations were conducted for age, PTSD, and stress scores to reduce skewness and improve normality
